Viet Nam’s logistics industry is gaining recognition in the global market, with growing expectations that it will emerge as a “rising star” in Asia.
This is due in large part to the country’s efforts to develop its supply chain industry and benefits from ‘China plus’ sourcing strategies of major multinational manufacturers.
The industry has witnessed an annual growth of 14-16 per cent which has solidified its position as one of the fastest-growing and most stable sectors in the country with a total value of US$40 billion to $42 billion a year.
According to Agility Emerging Markets Logistics Index 2023, Viet Nam moved into the top 10 of the Index among 50 global markets, advancing one position compared to the previous year.
Agility’s ranking is based on four criteria including domestic opportunities, international opportunities, business fundamentals and digital readiness.
This recognition can be attributed to several factors, including the country’s strategic location, favourable investment policies and the Government’s ongoing efforts to improve infrastructure and streamline regulations.
Among these criteria, Viet Nam is leading Southeast Asia and ranks 4th globally in terms of global opportunities with a score of 6.03 out of 10. The country has benefited greatly from the “China plus” policy as major global manufacturers are seeking to diversify their supply chains to reduce reliance on the Chinese market.
According to Agibility, Apple has been at the forefront of moving production to Viet Nam. In 2020, it began planning to expand assembly operations in Viet Nam, requesting its major supplier Foxconn to expand its assembly operations in the country. Sony, Samsung and LG have also expanded production in Viet Nam, building airfreight infrastructure in Ha Noi to support their assembly of mobile phones.
Viet Nam’s furniture industry is also a key beneficiary of this trend with its share of global exports rising from 11 per cent in 2019 to 17 per cent in 2022 while at the same time, China’s share has fallen from 61 per cent to 53 per cent.
Viet Nam’s competitiveness has also been boosted by the growth of both domestic and export e-commerce, transforming it into a major hub for global product transhipment.
According to Tran Thanh Hai, Deputy Director of the Import-Export Department under the Ministry of Industry and Trade, the country’s import-export value reached a record high of $732 billion in 2022, up 9.5 per cent on-year, was partly attributable to the improved quality and quantity of logistics services offered by businesses.
Moreover, the Vietnam Maritime Administration has recently embraced the trend of green technology in the shipping industry to reduce fuel consumption, lower carbon emissions, and mitigate the effects of climate change.
However, the logistics industry in Viet Nam has not developed adequately due to the lack of connections between logistics service providers and manufacturers, traders and import-export businesses. Experts in Viet Nam's logistics sector stress the critical need for greater collaboration with enterprises.
Nguyen Xuan Hung, Deputy General Director of Ratraco, wants to expand the network of shipping, warehousing and equipment suppliers to enhance the domestic and international rail transportation systems for refrigerated containers.
"This not only diversifies the product range and offers inland cold transport solutions, but also provides a solution to shippers' concerns about supplying and delivering chilled products to the Chinese market," he said.
Despite Viet Nam being in an advantageous position to capitalise on China's challenges, the Vietnamese Government still has a considerable amount of work to do in order to establish a strong industrial ecosystem that can attract top-notch manufacturers and foster the growth of local suppliers that add value. — VNS