The presence of foreign-invested enterprises in Viet Nam's retail sector has increased competition among businesses, jointly regulating supply and demand in the domestic market.

The higher competitive pressure gives domestic enterprises more experience and motivation to improve their business capacity, product quality, service quality, and ability to capture the market.

Viet Nam is a high potential retail market with a size likely to grow to US$350 billion by 2025. Retail trade will contribute 59 per cent of the total domestic product sales. When foreign enterprises invest in Viet Nam, they will improve their distribution networks in the country and for export.

Major retail channels such as AEON, Big C, and MM Mega Market have not only sold Vietnamese goods in their supermarkets but also exported them.

As Viet Nam has a population of 100 million people with a young population making up about 50 per cent, retailers see big opportunities when investing in both conventional commerce and e-commerce.

According to trade experts, not only Thailand but also many other foreign retail businesses and domestic ones such as Saigon Co.op and WinCommerce have expanded their business in the Vietnamese market.

As a result, the competitiveness of Viet Nam's retail market and local businesses has improved.

According to Nguyen Thi Phuong, Permanent Deputy General Director of WinCommerce, this year WinCommerce has more than 3,400 points of sale nationwide, with more than two million loyal customers.

WinCommerce plans to open more than 1,000 new points of sale and to increase each point's revenue by 25 per cent. Instead of expanding the supermarket or hypermarket model, the company will focus this year on the model of convenience stores and mini supermarkets in urban and rural areas to strengthen the position of its retail chain.

Last year's business results helped Saigon Co.op rise to the No 1 retail supermarket with revenue of nearly VND31 trillion, exceeding the plan. It included VND1.2 trillion from the e-commerce segment. This supermarket focuses on improving service quality and expanding its distribution network to achieve a growth target of 4.5 per cent this year.

Nguyen Anh Duc, Saigon Co.op general director, said this year that Saigon Co.op would strengthen and promote e-commerce, an inevitable trend in the market. It would have better integration of customer experience thanks to AI technology, use technology to know clearly customer behaviour, thereby connecting users and suppliers more effectively.

Domestic retail businesses needed to innovate, build sustainable brands, and strictly comply with regulations in production and business, retail market expert Vu Vinh Phu said. Associations relating to production and retail needed to be responsible for supporting enterprises to develop.

According to a representative of the Ministry of Industry and Trade, in general, foreign retail enterprises have strong potential in aspects such as finance, human resources, business capacity, and management technology.

They are also supported by their parent corporations or the Government through strategic programmes to develop distribution networks with a comprehensive closed system from production to consumption.

Notably, in the context of increasingly fierce competition, the retail sector in Viet Nam is still mainly dominated by domestic enterprises.

Regarding retailing at supermarkets, trade centres, and convenience stores, six of the 10 leading enterprises in the local market are domestic, accounting for 42 per cent of the market share with WinCommerce (formerly VinCommerce) occupying 15.2 per cent, Saigon Coop and Bach Hoa Xanh 10.5 per cent.

Over the years, Viet Nam has issued a fairly comprehensive system of policies on attracting and managing foreign investment capital as well as developing orientations for the domestic retail market.

In July 2021, the Prime Minister approved the strategy for domestic trade development for the period to 2030, with a vision to 2045.

Accordingly, between 2020 and 2030, domestic retailers are expected to deal with about 85 per cent of the total retail sales of goods and foreign retailers, the remaining 15 per cent.

Under a directive by the Ministry of Industry and Trade in January, 2023, Viet Nam also has policies to attract foreign investment in the industry and commerce sector.

However, there are opinions that without an appropriate development strategy, local enterprises can face the risk of losing market share.

That is why local enterprises need to create a strong connection to create a closed retail supply chain from production, processing, and transportation to distribution.

This helps ensure a close and flexible connection throughout the supply chain, complete and improve the quality of goods, sales and post-sales services and, most importantly, competitive prices.

Businesses need to switch from the traditional shopping model to a contemporary one, particularly investing in the chain stores, and supermarkets, and cooperating to develop new retail forms.

To create favourable conditions for retail businesses, experts said that besides attracting foreign investment, it is also important to build Vietnamese retail channels by Vietnamese people. In addition, it is necessary to have a policy to develop cleaner and greener production and move towards a circular economy and green labels.

Vietnamese businesses need to build a brand for Vietnamese retail through small things such as greetings, post-sales policies, and customer care.

Vietnamese retail businesses should both compete and cooperate with foreign entities to learn experience and advanced retail technology. It is necessary to promote the link between domestic production and distribution systems, and create a strong association with Vietnamese enterprises. — VNS