Commercial banks which have cut interest rates for short-term lending following the State Bank of Viet Nam’s cue might suffer a further decline in the net interest margin (NIM), experts said.
On July 7, the State Bank of Viet Nam decided to cut the annual maximum refinancing interest rate, rediscount interest rate and overnight interest rate applied to electronic inter-bank payments. It also cut the rate of loans in order to offset capital shortage in clearing of payments between the SBV and domestic banks by 0.25 percentage points. The new rates came into effect on Monday.
The annual short-term interest rate ceiling for credit institutions loans in dong has also been cut by 0.5 percentage points for some sectors.
Accordingly, businesses operating in agricultural, export and auxiliary industries; small and medium-sized enterprises; and high-tech firms can borrow loans at a maximum short-term rate of 6.5 per cent per year, instead of 7 per cent.
Following the decision, several commercial banks announced rate cuts.
The adjustments are expected to support businesses and boost economic growth, but they also may negatively impact banks’ NIM.
NIM is the ratio of net interest income to invested assets, with the net interest income being the difference between interest income and interest expense.
To maintain a sound NIM, commercial banks would have to reduce their deposit interest rates, which would probably send capital flows to other investment channels, said Can Van Luc, director of BIDV Training School at the Bank for Investment and Development of Viet Nam (BIDV).
Commercial banks would also have to comply with the SBV’s Circular 06/2016/TT-NHNN, which specifies a roadmap for the maximum ratio of short-term funds used for medium and long term loans.
Under the circular, the 50 per cent ratio will be kept until December 31 this year. It will drop to 40 per cent from the beginning of 2018.
To prepare for the deadline, it is unlikely that commercial banks will further push down their deposit interest rates. Otherwise, they would face difficulties in term of liquidity and their net interest income would be harmed, financial expert Nguyen Tri Hieu said.
According to KIS Viet Nam Securities Company analysts, the Vietnamese banking system NIM has continuously declined from 3.07 per cent in 2013 to 2.69 in 2016. This level is also much lower than those of regional neighbours such as Thailand (3.07 per cent), Indonesia (5.82 per cent) and Philippines (3.58 per cent).
With such a low NIM, the banking system would find it hard to suffer a savings rate reduction, Luc said.
Statistics from the General Statistics Office of Viet Nam show that capital mobilisation of credit institutions increased by 5.89 per cent in the first six month of the year, compared with 8.23 per cent of the same period last year. Meanwhile, credit from January to June grew by 7.54 per cent, the highest rate in the past six year. — VNS