Rice harvest in An Giang Province. Mekong Delta plans to improve the rate of mechanisation in agriculture to enhance productivity and competitiveness. — VNS Photo Mạnh Linh
Foreign investors looking for an investment destination in Viet Nam would make a mistake if they did not consider the Mekong Delta in southern Viet Nam.
Many investors lack information about the region and are unaware that the Delta is the third-largest industrial region in the country after the metropolitan areas of HCM City and Ha Noi.
In recent years, many provinces have greatly improved their investment climate, partly due to substantial investments in transport infrastructure, which has increased access to the region.
Travel time from HCM City to Can Tho, the major hub in the delta, is now three hours from six hours in 2010.
The Mekong Delta is the largest agricultural hub, accounting for 40 per cent of national agricultural production.
Truong Quang Hoai Nam, vice chairman of Can Tho People’s Committee, said the Mekong Delta supplies more than 90 per cent of the nation’s rice and 50 per cent of seafood, as well as other agro-forestry-fishery exports.
The region is currently calling for investment in 50 projects in agriculture, with a projected total investment of $1.385 billion, according to VCCI Can Tho.
As of last year, FDI in the Delta had reached 13 per cent of the country’s total FDI, a sharp rise from the 5 per cent figure recorded for many years, according to the agency. For the first nine months of the year, FDI reached $1.67 billion, accounting for 10.2 per cent of the country’s total FDI.
As of October, the region had attracted 50 agricultural projects with total registered capital of $209.64 million.
Hong Kong is the biggest investor with five projects worth $67.93 million, followed by Taiwan with nine projects worth $41.98 million, Japan with five projects worth $30.02 million, and Australia with seven projects worth $19.85 million.
Rice is harvested and packed in Chợ Mới District in the Mekong Delta Province of An Giang. — VNS Photo Trong Dat
Investment prospects
Two American projects are worth $11.96 million and one Israeli project worth $5.2 million.
Takimoto Koji, chief representative of the Japan External Trade Organisation (JETRO), said the delta, with a location between Hong Kong and Singapore, has great potential to become a logistics centre in Asia.
“The region has not had enough foreign investment, but it has become more attractive to Japanese companies for its fertile land, low labour costs, improved transport infrastructure and well-developed industrial zones,” Koji said.
Most provinces in the region are ranked highly on the Viet Nam Provincial Competitiveness Index (PCI), which is conducted regularly by VCCI and the US Agency for International Development (USAID).
Three provinces, Dong Thap, Long An and Kien Giang, have managed a top 10 ranking on the PCI.
In addition, the Government has offered incentives for foreign investors in preferred sectors and geographic areas.
The incentives include reduced corporate income tax rates, tax holidays, special enterprise zones, favourable permitting and licensing procedures, exemption from land rent, and other policies that reduce costs and complexities for foreign investors.
In the next 10 years, the region’s economy is expected to achieve a high growth rate, supported by rapid improvement of transport and electronics as well as low labour costs and an abundant food supply.
A booth at an agriculture investment conference held recently in Can Tho showcases Japanese snacks and cakes made of Vietnamese flour. — VNS Photo Bo Xuan Hiep
Challenges
Though it has potential, the Mekong Delta has limited options for heavy industry. Much of the region is alluvial land with sandy soil not suited for heavy industry.
Many provinces can only handle light manufacturing, and global warming risks might exacerbate this challenge.
Though most of the region is well-connected to HCM City and other areas in Asia, some provinces still lack strong transport links.
Besides, the port system remains weak, especially for container handling and large vessels.
Another issue is the shortage of skilled labour, particularly well-trained technicians and managers, who are hard to find in the region.
Climate risks pose another challenge. With an average elevation of one metre above sea level, the region is susceptible to rising sea levels and other risks from global warming.
Among other disadvantages, support services in the region are still weak.
Because the region is in the beginning stage of industrialisation, only a few local suppliers and service providers for industries other than agriculture and aquaculture are operating.
Rice harvest in An Giang Province. Mekong Delta plans to improve the rate of mechanisation in agriculture to enhance productivity and competitiveness. — VNS Photo Manh Linh
High-tech agriculture
Speaking at a recent conference in Can Tho, Vo Hung Dung, director of VCCI Can Tho, said the delta region had great demand for high-tech technologies for agriculture.
Dung, however, said the use of advanced technologies in agricultural production and processing to add value was still limited.
Besides, the rate of mechanisation in agriculture remains modest and is only 65 per cent for rice harvesting.
“These factors have resulted in low productivity, value addition and competitiveness,” Dung said.
Every year, rice farmers in the region have incurred a loss of more than VND3.2 trillion ($143.32 million) during post-harvest due to a low rate of mechanisation, according to the Mekong Delta Rice Research Institute.
The Delta has set a goal of modern agriculture practices, including a large volume of high-quality products, with 3.5 per cent growth per year, ensuring national food security in the short and long term.
Tu Minh Thien, head of the management authority for the HCM City High-Tech Agriculture Area, said the region would emphasise the use of high technology in businesses and cultivation areas.
In the next five years, the production value of high-tech agriculture would account for 30-35 per cent of total agricultural production.
Thien said it was necessary to establish high-tech agricultural zones, which would play a crucial role in sustainable development.
He also emphasised connectivity between bio-technology centres and high-tech agricultural zones, and improving the training of human resources in high-tech agriculture.
Policies for businesses to invest in high-tech agriculture and a high-tech agricultural forum where technical issues and market initiatives can be discussed are also needed in the Mekong Delta, Thien said. — VNS