Enterprises should prioritise investment in developing value-added cashew products to avoid losing its market share instead of only focusing on wholesale, according to experts.
Viet Nam's cashew nut is dominant in the EU market, however, it is mainly raw material and there are very few processed products, especially roasted and spiced products according to the taste of EU customers.
Meanwhile, products made from cashews, especially spiced cashews, chocolate covered cashews, cashew milk, and cashew yoghurt, are becoming more and more popular for EU consumers because they are healthy alternative foods.
“Diversifying cashew products has also pushed the demand for those products up in the EU market. Domestic enterprises need to have market research and investment in the processing stage to maintain their market shares in this market," Vu Anh Son, a representative of the Viet Nam Trade Office in France, told Cong thuong (Industry and Trade) newspaper.
In addition, to maintain the market shares of Viet Nam's cashew nuts in the EU market, experts have recommended that the domestic enterprises should take consultancy from law firms on EU regulations on imported goods, including cashews, because the regulations are very complicated and are frequently updated. They also need the law firms' support during implementing business transactions to avoid risks.
In the food sector, the EU has no mandatory regulations, but food safety certifications, social responsibility certifications, and packaging and label requirements are notable plus points for the businesses when exporting foods to the EU, according to the experts.
Organic cashew products are very popular in the EU so this is a potential niche market for Vietnamese businesses.
However, the experts have warned that Viet Nam's cashew nuts have faced competition in the EU market. Specifically, in 2019-2020, Viet Nam's cashew market shares in France decreased from 61 per cent to 46 per cent. At supermarkets and hypermarkets, there are almost no Vietnamese-branded cashew products because the domestic enterprises have mainly focused on wholesale, not retail.
Son said the cashew nut supply chain in France had changed markedly with declining volumes of the big suppliers, such as Viet Nam and India, and the emergence of some other suppliers, especially Cambodia.
He also added that EU enterprises could invest in the African region to diversify the supply of cashew nuts and avoid dependence on Viet Nam and other Asian countries.
The EU, especially France, has a very special relationship with Africa, which not only has a closer geographical location than Viet Nam but also has a historical relationship with France. Therefore, Viet Nam also needs to pay attention to this issue, according to Son.
In addition, according to Dang Hoang Giang, general secretary of the Viet Nam Cashew Association, domestic cashew enterprises are lacking market information about customer tastes, especially the customers who are interested in roasted Vietnamese cashew products sold in EU convenience stores.
On May 13, the Trade Promotion Agency under the Ministry of Industry and Trade held a meeting on exporting cashew nuts to eastern and western European markets. This was the 15th meeting out of 30 under the programme on assistance for enterprises in applying regulations, standards and conditions for exported products held by the Trade Promotion Agency this year.
At the meeting, representatives from the Viet Nam trade offices in Italy and France, the Vietnam Cashew Association, and representatives of some cashew importers from Austria, the Netherlands and Switzerland provided the market information and shared business experiences in the EU markets with the domestic enterprises.
In April, Viet Nam's cashew exports reached 49,000 tonnes, earning US$290 million, up 22 per cent in volume and 21 per cent in value on month. Especially, EU countries such as the Netherlands, Germany, the UK and Italy are in the top ten export markets of Vietnamese cashews.
Viet Nam targets to gain a cashew nut export turnover of $3.8 billion this year, an increase of $200 million compared to last year.
The EU is now Viet Nam's second-largest cashew export market, accounting for 23 per cent of the volume and 22 per cent of the value.
Last year, Viet Nam's cashew exports to the EU reached 135,000 tonnes, worth $816 million. Exports rose by 16.5 per cent in volume and 7.9 per cent in value compared to 2020.
The growth of cashew nut exports to the EU contributed significantly to the export growth of the domestic cashew industry. The tax rate for cashew products imported into the EU from Viet Nam was reduced to zero after the Viet Nam-EU Trade Agreement (EVFTA) took effect on August 1, 2020, according to the Trade Promotion Agency.
This reduction is very important because before having the EVFTA, the tariff for Vietnamese cashew nuts imported to the EU ranged from 7 per cent to 12 per cent.
In the European market, Vietnamese cashew nuts are exported to many western and eastern European countries, including Germany, the Netherlands, France, Belgium, Russia, Poland, Romania and Ukraine.
Of these, the Netherlands and Germany in the EU bloc are now important trading hubs for importing Vietnamese cashews for re-export to neighbouring countries. — VNS